Tratamiento de las lesiones por humedad en pacientes críticos mediante el empleo de apósitos de espuma con hidrofibra de hidrocoloide / Treatment of moisture lesions in critically ill patients through the use of hydrocolloid hydrofiber foam dressings

Las lesiones por humedad representan un importante y grave problema en personas encamadas durante periodos de tiempo prolongados. En las unidades de cuidados intensivos, dichas lesiones suponen un importante reto para los profesionales de enfermería. Su prevención y tratamiento temprano con apósitos específicos es una tarea importante para disminuir la morbilidad del enfermo en cuidados intensivos. (AU)

Moisture injuries represent an important and serious problem in people bedridden for prolonged periods of time. In intensive care units, these injuries represent an important challenge for nursing professionals. Its prevention and early treatment with specific dressings is an important task to reduce the morbidity of the patient in intensive care. (AU)

The association study of lipid metabolism gene polymorphisms with AMD identifies a protective role for APOE-E2 allele in the wet form in a Northern Spanish population.

PURPOSE: To elucidate the potential role of eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the most relevant lipid metabolism genes in Northern Spanish patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: A case-control study of 228 unrelated native Northern Spanish patients diagnosed with AMD (73 dry and 155 wet) and 95 healthy controls was performed. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and genotyped for the SNPs APOE rs429358 and rs7412; CTEP rs3764261; LIPC rs10468017 and rs493258; LPL rs12678919; ABCA1 rs1883025; ABCA4 rs76157638, rs3112831 and rs1800555; and SCARB1 rs5888, using TaqMan probes. An additional association study of ε2, ε3 and ε4 major isoforms of APOE gene with AMD has been carried out. RESULTS: The allele and genotype frequencies for each of the eleven sequence variants in the lipid metabolism genes did not show significant differences when comparing AMD cases and controls. Statistical analysis revealed that APOE-ε2 carrier genotypes were less frequently observed in patients with wet AMD compared to controls (5.8% versus 13.7%, respectively: p = 3.28 × 10-2 ; OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.19-0.95). The frequency of the allele T of rs10468017 (LIPC gene) was lower in dry AMD cases compared to controls (15.8 versus 27.9%, respectively: p = 8.4 × 10-3 OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.33-0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a protective role for APOE-ε2 allele to wet AMD in the Northern Spanish population.

Association study of high-frequency variants of MTHFR gene with retinal vein occlusion in a Spanish population.

Background: To study the association of the most common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genetic polymorphisms C677T and A1298C with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in a Spanish population. Methods: Case-control study involving 359 subjects, 183 unrelated native Spanish patients diagnosed with RVO, distributed in central or branch RVO, and 176 healthy controls. Two SNPs located in the gene MTHFR, C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131) were analyzed by DNA sequencing and TaqMan assays. Results: A high prevalence of the MTHFR variants T and C of the SNP C677T and A1298C, respectively, was observed in our population. Specifically, 88.07% of controls and 85.25% of RVO patients have at least one of these variants. However, the prevalence of these variants was not significantly different when comparing RVO patients and controls. The variant T of C677T was identified in 60.65% of RVO patients and 59.10% of control subjects, while the variant C of A1298C was present in 46.45% of RVO patients and 51.14% of controls. No association of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, thyroid disease and renal disease with RVO was observed, while hypertension was significantly higher in the RVO patients (p < .0001). Conclusions: The MTHFR variants, T of C677T and C of A1298C, did not significantly increase the risk of suffering RVO in a Spanish population and therefore additional risk factors are contributing to the onset of the disease.

Disminución de la incidencia de úlceras por presión en sacro y talones en pacientes ingresados en cuidados intensivos / Reduction in the incidence of pressure ulcers in sacrum and heels in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit

INTRODUCCIÓN: la aparición de úlceras por presión (UPP) es un buen indicador de la calidad asistencial; su control y monitorización es una responsabilidad de los profesionales de Enfermería como actividad básica de seguridad clínica. OBJETIVOS: disminuir las tasas de incidencia de úlceras por presión en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Determinar la eficacia de los apósitos preventivos de espuma de adhesión atraumática (Mepilex Border Sacrum® y Mepilex Heel®). RESULTADOS: se desarrollaron 11 úlceras por presión, n= 10 en rama de medidas estándar de prevención, y n= 1 en la rama de tratamiento (sacro), 10 UPP en zona sacra y una en talones. La incidencia de úlceras por presión en la muestra fue del 10,47%, 5,07 puntos inferior a la incidencia media en el presente medio, siendo la diferencia estadísticamente significativa. CONCLUSIÓN: parece razonable, a la luz de los resultados, que se establezca un protocolo de apósitos preventivos (Mepilex Border Sacrum® y Mepilex Heel®) en zonas de mayor riesgo de padecer UPP (sacro y talones) en aquellos pacientes con un Braden objetivo de riesgo para padecer dichas UPP igual o inferior a 13-14 y con enfermedades crónicas graves

INTRODUCTION: the presence of pressure ulcers (PUs) is a good indicator of quality of care; nursing professionals are responsible for their control and monitoring as a basic activity within clinical safety. OBJECTIVES: to reduce the incidence rates of pressure ulcers in the Intensive Care Unit. To determine the efficacy of the preventive shaped foam dressings with non-traumatic adhesion (Mepilex Border Sacrum and Mepilex Heel). RESULTS: eleven pressure ulcers were developed, n= 10 in the arm with standard prevention measures, and n= 1 in the treatment arm (sacrum), 10 PUs in the sacral region and one in the heels. There was a 10.47% incidence of pressure ulcers in our sample, 5.07 scores below the mean incidence in the current setting, with a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: it seems reasonable, given the results, to establish a protocol for preventive dressings (Mepilex Border Sacrum and Mepilex Heel) in the areas at higher risk of PUs (sacrum and heels), in those patients with a ≤13-14 risk of PUs according to the Braden Scale, and with severe chronic diseases